This paper investigates the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the banking industry of Gujarat, India. In today’s highly competitive landscape, this research operates on the premise that human capital stands as the most vital asset for creating value and maintaining a competitive edge. The study's main objective is to address a gap in existing literature by analyzing how core HRM functions—including recruitment, training, performance evaluations, and compensation—influence OCB among bank employees. This paper argues that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are fundamental to driving these behaviors. The document concludes by offering strategic recommendations for both public and private sector banks on how to improve their HRM policies to foster a more engaged, resilient, and high-performing workforce