Over the past two decades, veganism has evolved from a niche dietary choice into a globally recognized ethical and social identity, warranting in-depth scholarly attention. This review brings together anthropological perspectives to show that vegan identity is a powerful moral challenge to systems of domination. Here, theoretical framework draws heavily upon Social Ecology (Bookchin), which asserts that the exploitation of animals is fundamentally rooted in social hierarchy, and Jane Goodall's Principle of Continuity, which provides the ethical basis for rejecting the outdated human/animal dualism by affirming shared sentience. This framework establishes that the choice to go vegan is an act of moral reconstruction, moving beyond private health to public political commitment. The construction of this identity involves complex social processes. The review examines how ethical boundaries are constructed: individuals engage in inward moral self-fashioning and outwardly perform this identity through deliberate boundary work—rejecting culturally central symbols like milk and meat, as well as other animal products due to their association with cruelty. In the Indian context, this identity further challenges historical caste-based purity norms, creating a rupture with inherited cultural practices. These boundaries and the identity itself are heavily performed and sustained in the digital sphere. Online platforms like Instagram, WhatsApp and YouTube serve as key arenas for expressing vegan values, networking, and building imagined communities. This digital performance provides crucial social reinforcement for individuals navigating a non-dominant lifestyle, acting as a powerful tool for global advocacy. Ultimately, this anthropological perspective reveals that the emerging vegan identity offers a blueprint of hope and action for the planet. By rejecting the resource-intensive system of animal agriculture, it models structural change necessary for climate change mitigation and a solution to global food crises. By challenging the ethical justification for animal massacre, this identity aligns with the philosophical insight of Pythagoras: "As long as men massacre animals, they will kill each other." Thus, the cultural shift toward veganism is foundational for achieving a more compassionate, sustainable, and peaceful world.