Environmental Sustainability has become a central concern in the 21st century as nations grapple with challenges such as climate change, deforestation, biodiversity loss, urban pollution, and waste management. India, as one of the world’s fastest-growing economies, faces the dual challenge of promoting economic development while safeguarding its ecological resources. This paper explores strategies, practices, and case studies that demonstrate India’s efforts toward achieving sustainability goals. Emphasis is placed on multidisciplinary approaches involving policy reforms, technological innovations, community participation, and education. The study highlights four major Indian case studies: The Namami Gange Programme for river rejuvenation, India’s solar energy initiatives under the International Solar Alliance, The Chipko Movement as a community-led conservation model, and Pune’s waste management system as an example of urban sustainability. These initiatives demonstrate the integration of science, governance, and grassroots participation in addressing ecological challenges. The findings suggest that environmental sustainability requires a balance between traditional knowledge and modern technology, and between government initiatives and community engagement. India’s diverse experiences provide lessons for the global community on building resilient ecosystems while ensuring inclusive growth.