Work–life balance has become a key concern in the healthcare sector due to demanding work schedules, shift duties, and high occupational stress. This study analysis the critical factors influencing work–life balance among healthcare employees and assesses their comprehensive level of work–life balance in Saran district. Primary data were collected from 205 healthcare employees working in public and private healthcare institutions using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical techniques were applied to analyse work–life balance attitudes along with respondents’ demographic characteristics. Prior to factor extraction, the adequacy of the dataset was evaluated through standard diagnostic tests to confirm its suitability for factor analysis. Subsequently, exploratory procedures were employed to identify the latent dimensions, after which the strength and stability of the extracted factor structure were assessed through a confirmatory approach. The results show that healthcare workers have a work-life balance that is only somewhat satisfying. Key influencing factors include working hours, shift patterns, occupational stress, organizational support, family responsibilities, job security, and compensation. While organizational culture and teamwork were perceived positively, issues related to stress spillover and limited relaxation time remain significant challenges. The study highlights the need for supportive workplace policies to enhance employee wellbeing in the healthcare sector.