This article explores the evolution and character of communist activities in the princely state of Mysore during the period from the 1920s to the 1950s. Using  archival records, secondary historical studies, and documentary evidence, it investigates how leftist ideologies penetrated Mysore’s unique political context, shaped by its semi-autonomous princely administration. It analyses how communism intersected with social reform, labour organisation, and agrarian unrest. The article concludes by assessing the legacy of Mysore’s communist activities and their contribution to the broader political and intellectual history of Karnataka.