Recent technological advances are transforming agriculture. This review discusses how AI, ML, IoT, and big data analytics might solve modern agriculture's biggest problems. These technologies are changing agricultural monitoring, disease detection, and resource management, improving productivity and sustainability. AI and ML improve predictive modelling, automate decision-making, and optimise irrigation, while IoT technologies give real-time soil and environmental data. Precision agricultural technology include smart sensors, autonomous systems, and GIS tools help conserve water, fertilisers, and pesticides, reducing waste and environmental effect. This paper synthesises existing research and examines how technology advances might sustain agricultural expansion, increase food security, and satisfy future demands.