The rising concern about soil degradation, water pollution, and long-term sustainability of conventional farming has propelled interest in organic agriculture globally and in India. Among organic inputs, organic fertilizers play a vital role in enhancing soil health, supporting crop nutrition, and enabling sustainable farm systems. While India’s overall fertilizer production and consumption have historically been dominated by chemical inputs, the organic fertilizer sector is gradually expanding due to policy support, farmer awareness, and market demand. This is a conceptual and descriptive nature paper. It is based on secondary data. This paper examines the current production and consumption patterns of organic fertilizers in India, explores their drivers and barriers, and outlines future prospects.