This paper examines the impact of economic reforms on the Indian economy from a sectoral perspective, focusing on agriculture, industry, and services. Since the initiation of liberalization in 1991, India has gradually transitioned from a state-controlled and inward-looking system to a more market-oriented and globally integrated economy. The study uses secondary data from government reports, Economic Surveys, Reserve Bank of India publications, and international databases to analyze trends in growth, productivity, and investment across sectors. The findings indicate that economic reforms have contributed to higher economic growth, improved macroeconomic stability, and significant structural transformation. India’s GDP growth has moved from the earlier 3–4% range to an average of 6–7% or higher in the post-reform period, with recent projections around 7–7.4%. The sectoral analysis shows a declining share of agriculture in GDP to about 15–18%, while industry contributes around 27–28% and services nearly 55%. The services sector has emerged as the main growth engine due to reforms in telecommunications, finance, and digital infrastructure, leading to strong performance in IT and business services. Manufacturing has benefited from deregulation, FDI liberalization, and Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, particularly in electronics and pharmaceuticals, though structural constraints remain. Agriculture has recorded moderate but steady growth, with diversification into allied activities such as livestock and fisheries. Reforms in taxation, insolvency, and financial systems have improved the investment climate and credit discipline. Overall, the study concludes that economic reforms have strengthened India’s growth potential and global integration, but uneven sectoral gains highlight the need for more inclusive and employment-oriented reforms to ensure balanced and sustainable development.