ISO 9001:2015

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, MODERN MANAGEMENT, APPLIED SCIENCE & SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJEMMASSS) [ Vol. 8 | No. 1 (II) | January - March, 2026 ]

Climate Change Politics and International Agreements

Dr. Parmeshwari Bagra

International collaboration requires international political dedication and effective climate governance systems to address climate change which has become a critical environmental crisis for the 21st century. This paper examines the political dimensions of climate change and critically analyzes the role of international agreements in addressing environmental concerns. The research shows how climate policies and international negotiation processes get shaped by global political factors and national governmental interests and economic development priorities and existing power structures. The research demonstrates how developed nations and developing nations reach different outcomes because they have different responsibilities and resource distribution rights and emission reduction obligations. The paper evaluates major international agreements such as the Paris Agreement, Kyoto Protocol, and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, focusing on their objectives, implementation mechanisms, and effectiveness in mitigating climate change impacts. These agreements serve as essential environmental governance benchmarks because they establish international efforts to decrease greenhouse gas emissions while advancing sustainable development and fostering global partnerships. The implementation of the policies has faced challenges because of political conflicts between countries and the absence of solid enforcement systems and differences in how countries have dedicated themselves to the agreements. The study analyzes how domestic political factors and economic limitations and international political interests lead to the development of national climate change policies. The study demonstrates that international agreements create an operational framework but their actual implementation depends on how individual countries execute their international obligations through national policy development. The findings show that progress has occurred in creating international systems but major obstacles still exist which prevent the achievement of effective climate change solutions. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for stronger global cooperation, enhanced accountability mechanisms, and equitable policy approaches to ensure effective implementation of climate agreements and long-term sustainability.

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