The worldwide electoral processes experience major changes because people now rely more on information and communication technologies which are essential in our modern digital world. The use of digital systems, including electronic voting machines and online voter registration and digital campaigning, enables faster voting and registration processes while making the system more accessible to users. The new technological developments have created important cybersecurity issues which endanger the fundamental security and open nature of electoral procedures. The paper investigates how cybersecurity impacts election security by studying the threats that stem from digital systems and online political activities which occur on Facebook and Twitter platforms. The researchers found that hackers and data breaches and malware attacks and disinformation campaigns and foreign interference represent the primary dangers which their research discovered. The sensitive voter data and election systems and public opinion which people use in democracy face threats from these attackers. Social media platforms now face an urgent problem because their users share false information and political advertisements which directly affect how voters view candidates and vote in elections. The research demonstrates how artificial intelligence and data analytics which serve as advanced technologies create two effects because they can improve electoral security while diminishing it. The technologies enable better monitoring and threat detection but their potential for digital manipulation and surveillance creates risks of misuse. The research examines current cybersecurity frameworks and policies which governments and international organizations use to defend their electoral systems. The study requires digital infrastructure protection through established legal frameworks and ongoing threat assessment systems to achieve cyber threat defense. The study demonstrates that digital technologies provide major advantages to election management but these technologies need comprehensive cybersecurity systems together with international partnerships. Digital election security in the modern world requires all stakeholders to build knowledge systems while creating new solutions and establishing comprehensive regulatory frameworks.