The topics of gender justice and social security are usually analyzed separately from each other in terms of international law. Nevertheless, such an approach ignores the tight connection that exists between these two concepts. The capability of individuals to cope with the challenges such as unemployment, sickness, disability, motherhood, old age and loss of a family breadwinner, among others, is significantly dependent on gender-related trends in the sphere of employment, informal care work and distribution of income, as well as access to social security. In particular, women were always engaged in informal, insecure and poorly paid jobs and took the major share of household and caring duties at the same time. As a result, a gender-neutral system of social security could perpetuate but not solve inequalities of this kind. This researcher will analyze the evolution of international standards regarding the issues of gender justice and social security. It will be determined if the modern international legal system can address the needs of women and other disadvantaged groups. The researcher further analyzes how the international legal regime has increasingly shifted from its narrow interpretation of social security mainly through the lens of employment and contributions to a human rights-oriented one based on universality, dignity, equality, social solidarity and life cycle coverage. However, there are still notable disparities between international standards and their realization. Gender-blind eligibility conditions, employment-linked contribution schemes, insufficient maternal protection, low valuation of unpaid care, exclusion of informal sector workers and lack of intersectional approach limit the real possibility of accessing social security. The article puts forward the idea of a gender sensitive approach to social security, which would be based on substantive equality, universal social protection floors, unpaid care recognition, adequate maternity and parental benefits, equal pensions, inclusion of informal and precarious workers, disability-sensitive approaches, accessibility of complaints procedures, gender sensitive budgeting and participation of affected communities. The conclusion made is that social security is not merely a financial insurance but an important tool of ensuring substantive gender justice, human dignity and social citizenship.